Child Rape and Buggery in Pak-Afghan Cultural Society in the Eyes of Finkelhor’s Precondition Child Sexual Abuse Model With Special Reference to Hosseini’s Kite Runner and Pakistani Movie Bol
Abstract
This paper explores the phenomenon of male rape in Pak-Afghan culture and exposes how the international community recognizes sexual violence against men. Khaled Hosseinie’s Kite Runner and Mansoor’s social drama movie Bol have been analyzed in order to demonstrate how men are included and excluded as dupes of sexual vehemency in disputes. The theoretical paradigms of male rape are embedded in Finkelhor’s Precondition Child Sexual Abuse Model (1984) has four preconditions: Motivation to sexual abuse, Overpowering internal inhibitors, Overwhelming external inhibitors and Overcoming the resistance of the child. It is essential to identify with gender stereotypes and anticipations of male and female in order to infer the occurrence of child rape, the under-reporting of child assault as well as the omitting of child assault. This scrutiny arouses imperative doubts about human rights and how assured souls become divested of their rights and their permissible fortification. There is a lack of numeral proof on child rape, although it is essential to classify the hypothetical ontogeny of child rape as a societal question as it hovers athwart the communal inquiry dialogue. Consequently, it is essential to look at this escalation because the existing bearing of the enquiry on child sexual assault has badgered forkings for how male ravishment is theorized. The distinctive types of sexual viciousness: force and predominance, feminization and undermining of the adversary are all associated with speculations of manliness and sex desires and how they can bring about sexual savagery and clarify the under-reporting of assault.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Allen, M. (2015). Textbook on criminal law (13th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Burrowes, N., & Horvath, T. (2013). The rape and sexual assault of men: A review of the literature. Retrieved 2015, July 12 from http://www.rapecrisisscotland.org.uk/workspace/publications/The-rape-and-exualassault-of-men_A-review-of-the-literature.pdf
Burn-Murdoch, J. (2013). 69,000 female, 9,000 male rape victims per year: Get the full data the guardian. [Online] 11th January. Retrieved 2015, July 2 from http://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/jan/11/male-female-rape-statisticsgraphic
Binks, M. R. (2015). A critical review of media representation, police reporting and societal response to adult male-on male rape. Postgraduate HRC 2015 Working Paper No. 5
Clapham, A., & Gaeta, P. (Eds.). (2014). The Oxford handbook of international law in armed conflict. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Clark, J. N. (2014). A crime of identity: Rape and its neglected victims. Journal of Human Rights, 13, 146-169.
Cohen, C. (2014). Male rape is a feminist issue: Feminism, governmentality and male rape. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Crone, J. (2014). Soldiers accused of “gang-raping” male recruits in barracks as part of alleged bullying tactics the mail. [Online] 20th December. Retrieved 2015, July 2 from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2881672/Soldiers-accused-gang-rapingmale-recruits-barracks-alleged-bullying-tactics.html
Daubney, M. (2015). Why doesn’t society care about male rape? The Telegraph [Online] 25th May. Retrieved 2015, July 8 from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/thinkingman/11587324/Why-doesnt-society-care-bout-male-rape.html
Dennis, O. (2015). The cries of men: Voices of jamaican men who have been raped and sexually abused. [E-book] iUniverse. Retrieved 2015, July 2 from https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=W8kKTdsOhU4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Cries+of+Men:+Voices+of+Jamaican+Men+who+Have+Been+Raped+and+Sexually+Abused&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBQQ6AEwAGoVChMIlcXWyPDlxwIVx6HbCh2LxQc9#v=onepage&q=The%20Cries%20of%20Men%3A%20Voices%20of%20Jamaican%20Men%20who%20Have%20Been%20Raped%20and%20Sexually%20Abused&f=false
Eleftheriou-Smith, L. (2015). UK’s biggest male rape charity survivors UK has state funding slashed to zero despite 120% rise in men reporting sexual violence and seeking help the independent. [Online] 25th May. Retrieved 2015, July 2 from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/uks-biggest-male-rape-charitysurvivors-uk-has-state-funding-slashed-to-zero-despite-120-rise-in-men-reportingsexual-violence-and-seeking-help-10274441.html
Finkelhor (1984). The trauma of sexual abuse: Two models. In G. E. Wyatt & G. J. Powell (Eds.), Lasting effects of child sexual abuse (pp.61-82). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Fogg, A. (2014). Breaking the silence on sexual abuse of men and boys: The announcement of a new fund for male rape victims marks a symbolic milestone the independent. [Online] 13th February. Retrieved 2015, July 12 from http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/breaking-the-silence-on-sexual-abuseof-men-and-boys-9126665.html
Grayer, A. (2015). Is televised rape muting the reality? Huffingpost. [Online] 21st July. Retrieved 2015, August 8 from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/annie-grayer/is-televised-rapemuting-the-reality_b_7833642.html
Hosseini, K. (2003). The Kite Runner. London: Bloomsbury.
Hales, D. (2015). An invitation to health: Live it now! Brief Edition Boston: Cengage Learning.
International Business Times. (2014). Male rape prevalent in UK army, ministry of defence figures reveal. Retrieved 2015, August 4 from http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/male-rape-prevalentuk-army-ministry-defence-figures-reveal-1480413
Javaid, A. (2014). Male rape: The unseen world of male rape. Retrieved 2015, July 18 from http://www.internetjournalofcriminology.com/Javaid_The_Unseen_World_of_Male_Rape_IJC_Jan_2014.pdf
Javaid, A. (2014a). Feminism, masculinity, and male rape: Bringing male rape “out of the closet”. Journal of Gender Studies, 1-11. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/09589236.2014.959479
Javaid, A. (2014b). Male rape in law and the courtroom. Web Journal of Current Legal Issues, 20. Retrieved from http://webjcli.org/article/view/340/434
Javaid, A. (2014c). Male rape: The “invisible” male. Internet Journal of Criminology. Retrieved from http://www.internetjournalofcriminology.com/Javaid_Male_Rape_The_Invisible_Male_IJC_Jan2014.pdf
Javaid, A. (2014d). Male rape: The unseen world of male rape. Internet Journal of Criminology. Retrieved from http://www.internetjournalofcriminology.com/Javaid_The_Unseen_World_of_Male_Rape_IJC_Jan_2014.pdf
Javaid, A. (2015a). The police responses to, and attitudes toward male rape: Issues and concerns. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 17, 81-90.
Javaid, A. (2015b). The role of alcohol in intimate partner violence: Causal behaviour or excusing behaviour? British Journal of Community Justice, 13, 75-92.
Javaid. A. (2015). The dark side of men: The nature of masculinity and its uneasy relationship with male rape. The Journal of Men s Studies. doi: 10.1177/1060826515600656
Jones, S. V. (2014a). The practice of Bacha-Bazi, the use of boys as sex slaves by men in positions of power, remained a serious concern. U.N. Secretary-General, Children and Armed Conflict: Rep. of the Secretary-General, 26. U.N. Doc. A/68/878-S/2014/339
Jones, S. V. (2014b). Human trafficking victim identification: Should consent matter? 45 IND. L. REV. 483, 491.
Kesvani, H. (2014). More needs to be done to help male rape survivors. Retrieved 2015, July 15 from http://www.vice.com/en_uk/read/male-rape-sexual-abuse-uk-495
Mansoor, S. (2011). Bol. Geo Films Eros International Ltd, DVD.
Metropolitan Police Service. (2014). Rape and serious sexual assault. Retrieved 2015, July 8 from http://content.met.police.uk/Site/sapphire
Merz, T. (2014). Men and boys get raped too the telegraph. [Online] 24th February. Retreived 2015, August 12 from A http://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/thinking-man/10657485/Men-andboys-get-raped-too.html
Merz, T. (2015). Male victims of sexual abuse are treated as secondary the telegraph. [Online] 24th March. Retrieved 2015, August 12 from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/thinking-man/11483854/Male-victims-of-sexualabuse-are-treated-as-secondary.html
Man, K. (2015). Support for men who have been sexually abused. Retrieved 2015, August 12 from http://www.mankindcounselling.org.uk/index.php
Maier, L, S. (2014). Rape, victims, and investigations: Experiences and perceptions of law enforcement officers responding to reported rapes. Oxon: Routledge
Male Survivor. (2015). Rape trauma syndrome: What everyone should know. Retrieved 2015, August 4 from http://www.malesurvivor.org/ArchivedPages/rts.html
Marcia, G. Y. (2012). “The dancing boys of afghanistan” – Examining sexual abuse. DAILY KOS. Feb. 14, 2012, 9:00 PM. Media. Retrieved from http://www.dailykos.com/story/2012/02/15/1064923/--
Ministry of Justice. (2014). Press release: £500,000 to help break the silence for male rape victims. Retrieved 2015, July 22 from https://www.gov.uk/government/news/500000-ohelp-break-the-silence-for-male-rape-victims
Mpower. (2014). Supporting male survivors of sexual abuse. Retrieved 2015, August 8 from http://www.male-rape.org.uk/reading.htm
National Sexual Violence Resource Center. (2015). Info & stats for journalists. Statistics about sexual violence.
O’ Connor, C. (2014). New film lays bare “Pakistan’s hidden shame”. Radio Free Europe: Media.
Oveton, G. P., Powell, A. P., & Simpson, J. (Eds.) (2015). The revolting self: Perspectives on the psychological, social, and clinical implications of self-directed disgust. London: Karnac Books Ltd.
Penn, N. (2014). Son men don’t get raped. Retrieved 2015, August 8 from http://www.gq.com/longform/male-military-rape
Robinson, W. (2014). More than 200 allegations of rape and other sexual attacks made by military personnel against their colleagues. Dailymail. [Online] 2nd March. Retrieved 2015, August 12 from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2571358/More-200-allegations-rapesexual-attacks-military-personnel-against-colleagues.html
Schulz, P. (2015). The ICC and crimes of sexual violence (SGBV). Wednesday, March 25, 2015-11:22.
Silfverskiold, P. (2014). Male rape suspect bailed after man-on-man sex attack in Washington play park sunderland echo. [Online] 08th October. Retrieved 2015, August 2 from http://www.sunderlandecho.com/news/crime/male-rape-suspect-bailed-after-man-onman-sex-attack-in-washington-play-park-1-6884395
Survivors UK. (2014). Male rape and sexual abuse: We’re here to help. Retrieved 2015, July 28 from http://www.survivorsuk.org/
The Outreach Programme on the Rwanda Genocide and the United Nations. (2014). Background information on sexual violence used as a tool of war. Retrieved 2015, July 12 from http://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/about/bgsexualviolence.shtml
The Survivors Trust. (2014). Funding announced to help male victims of sexual violence. Retrieved 2015, August 2 from http://www.thesurvivorstrust.org/latest-news/fundingannounced-help-male-victims-sexual-iolence/
The Crown Prosecution Service. (2014). Rape and sexual offences. Retrieved 2015, July 16 from http://www.cps.gov.uk/legal/p_to_r/rape_and_sexual_offences/
Thrasher, W, S. (2015). Americans think prison rape is funny because of who gets hurt the guardian. [Online] 27th April. Retrieved 2015, August 12 from http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/apr/27/americans-think-prison-isfunny-because-of-who-gets-hurt
Travis, A. (2014). UK launches £500,000 fund to help male victims of rape and sexual abuse the guardian. [Online] 13th February. Retrieved 2015, July 22 from http://www.theguardian.com/society/2014/feb/13/uk-fund-male-victims-rape-sexualabuse
United Nations. (2015). Member states of the United Nations, M. Cherif Bassiouni, The perennial conflict between international criminal justice and realpolitik. 22 GA. ST.UL: REV. 541, 542. Retrieved 2015, July 12 from http://www.un.org/en/members/
United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute. (2014). About UNICRI: What is UNICRI? Retrieved 2015, July 12 from http://www.unicri.it/institute/
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/n
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 MUHAMMAD EHSAN
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Share us to: 
Reminder
We are currently accepting submissions via email only.
The registration and online submission functions have been disabled.
Please send your manuscripts to sss@cscanada.net，or sss@cscanada.org for consideration.
We look forward to receiving your work.
Articles published in Studies in Sociology of Science are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY).
STUDIES IN SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE Editorial Office
Address: 1055 Rue Lucien-L'Allier, Unit #772, Montreal, QC H3G 3C4, Canada.
Telephone: 1-514-558 6138
Website: Http://www.cscanada.net; Http://www.cscanada.org
E-mail:caooc@hotmail.com
Copyright © 2010 Canadian Research & Development Centre of Sciences and Cultures 
