Mitigating Mechanism of Discourse Markers
Abstract
Of all the discourse markers functioning in discourse, mitigators are pointed out as one of the significant pragmatic categories among all the discourse markers. Fraser (1980) initiates the topic of mitigation and reveals its intimacy with politeness. Caffi (1999) further points out that mitigation is functional to smooth the speech acts that may impose face threat to the interlocutors, for instance, risks of self-contradiction, refusal, losing face, conflict and so forth. Under these circumstances, DMs with mitigating force serve as good candidates for monitoring interpersonal relation, emotive distance between interlocutors.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Andersen, G., & Thorstein, F. (2000). Pragmatic markers and propositional attitude. John Benjamin’s Publishing Company.
Andersen, G. (2000). The role of the pragmatic marker like in utterance interpretation (pp.17-38). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Archakis, A. (2001). On discourse markers: Evidence from modern Greek. Journal of Pragmatics, (33), 1235-1261.
Bach, K. (1999). The myth of conventional implicature. Linguistics and Philosopy, (22), 327-366.
Blakemore, D. (2002). The semantics and pragmatics of discourse markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Brinton, L. J. (1996). Pragmatic markers in English. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Brown, P., & Levinson, S. (1978). Universals in language usage: Politeness phenomena. In: Goody, E.N. (Ed.), Questions and politeness (pp.256-289). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Caffi, C. (1999). On mitigation. Journal of Pragmatics, (31), 881-909.
Flowerdew, J. F. (1991). Pragmatic modification on the “representative” speech act of defining. Journal of Pragmatics, (15), 253-264.
Flowerdew, J., & Tauroz, S. (1995). The effects of ddiscourse markers on second language lecture comprehension. SSCA, (17).
Fraser, B. (1980). Conversational mitigation. Journal of Pragmatics, (4), 341-350.
Fraser, B. (1988). Types of English discourse markers. Acta Linguistica Hungarica, (38), 19-33.
Fraser, B. (1996). Pragmatics markers. Pragmatics, (6), 167-190.
Fuller, J. M. (2003). The influence of speaker roles on discourse marker use. Journal of Pragmatics (35), 23- 45.
Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics. London: Longman.
Giora, R. (2005). On negation as mitigation: The case of negative irony. Discourse Processes, (39), 81-100.
Grice, H. P. (1989). Studies in the way of words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Holmes, J. (1984). Modifying illocutionary force. Journal of Pragmatics, (8), 345-365.
Jucker, A. H. (1993). The discourse marker well: A relevant-theoretical account. Journal of Pragmatics, (19), 435-452.
Juker, A. S., & Ziv, Y. (1998). Discourse markers: Description and theory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Martinovski, Mao, W. J., Marsella, J., & Stacy. (2005). Mitigation theory: An integrated approach. In: Proceedings of Conference on Cognitive Science. Stresa. Italy.
Martinovski, B. (2006). Framework for analysis of mitigation in courts. Journal of Pragmatics, (38), 2065-2086.
Perez, de A. (2001). FTAs and Erskine May: Conflicting needs? – Politeness in question time. Journal of Pragmatics, (33), 143-169.
Redeker, G. (1991). Ideational and pragmatic markers of discourse structure. Journal of Pragmatics, (14), 367-381.
Schiffrin, D. (1986). Functions of and in discourse. Journal of Pragmatics, (10), 41-66.
Schourup, L. (1999). Discourse markers. Lingua, (107), 227-265.
Schwenter, S. A. (1996). Some reflections on o sea: A discourse marker in Spanish. Journal of Pragmatics, (25), 855-874.
Sperber, D., & Wilson, D. (1995). Relevance: Communication and cognition. Oxford: Blackwell.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1979). Pragmatic connectives. Journal of Pragmatics, (3), 447-456.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/9033
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 Qianbo LI
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Reminder
- How to do online submission to another Journal?
- If you have already registered in Journal A, then how can you submit another article to Journal B? It takes two steps to make it happen:
Submission Guidelines for Canadian Social Science
We are currently accepting submissions via email only. The registration and online submission functions have been disabled.
Please send your manuscripts to css@cscanada.net,or css@cscanada.org for consideration. We look forward to receiving your work.
Articles published in Canadian Social Science are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY).
Canadian Social Science Editorial Office
Address: 1020 Bouvier Street, Suite 400, Quebec City, Quebec, G2K 0K9, Canada.
Telephone: 1-514-558 6138
Website: Http://www.cscanada.net; Http://www.cscanada.org
E-mail:caooc@hotmail.com; office@cscanada.net
Copyright © Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture