Peace Building: Conceptual, Trajectory and Imperative Analyses in the Third World Countries

Kazeem Oyedele LAMIDI

Abstract


Peace building has undergone series of changes across the globe, most times with special interest on the third world countries. Therefore, the intent of this paper is to conceptualise the peace building architecture with insights from empirical works in the third world countries; examine the trajectory of peace building with examples across cultures; and explicate the rationale behind its imperativeness within local communities in the third world countries. The quest for peace building in developing countries remains a requisite action because interactions among the people, groups and communities are, more often, flawed by numerous social vices. Hence, the imperativeness of peace building becomes thus essential so as to establish resolution strategies, thereby thwarting the menace of vengeance in the societies.


Keywords


Peace building; Third World Countries; Peace building trajectory; Imperativeness

Full Text:

PDF

References


African Union. (2007). Post-conflict reconstruction and development (PCRD). Addisa-baba: African Union Commission.

Asiyanbola, A. R. (2007). Urban-Ethno communal conflict in Africa: Nigeria. A paper submitted for presentation at the Union for Africa Population Studies (UAPS) Fifth African Population Conference, Arusha.

Aja-Apkuru, A. (2011). “Homeland Security System and Conflict Management in Crisis Ridden Boundaries in Nigeria”. In O. Mbachu, & A. Sokoto (Eds.). Nigeria Defense and Security: Policies and Strategies. Kaduna: Medusa Academic Publishers Limited

Aning, K. (2008). Africa union’s peace and security architecture: Defining an emerging response mechanism. Uppsala: The Nordic African Institute

Boutros-Ghali, B. (1992). An agenda for peace (2nd ed.). New York: United Nations.

Barnett, M., Kim, H., Donnel, M., & Sitea, L. (2007). Peacebuilding: What is in a name? Global Governance, (13)1, 36-53.

Best, S. G. (Ed.) (2005). Introduction to peace and conflict studies in west Africa – A reader. Ibadan: Spectrum Books Ltd.

Canadian international development agency (CIDA) (1998). Peace building Unit, Conflict Prevention and Post Conflict Reconstruction. Hull, Canada: CIDA.

Checkel, J. T. (1997). International norms and domestic politics. Bridging the Nationalist Constructivist Divide. European Journal of International Relations, 3, 473-495.

Conteh-Morgan, E. (2005). Peace building and human security: A constructivist perspective. International Journal of Peace Study, 10(1), 231-242.

Collier, P. (2003). Breaking the conflict trap: Civil war and development policy. Washington, D.C., & New York: World Bank and Oxford University Press.

Coning, C. (2013). Understanding peacebuilding as essentially local. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development, 2(1), 6, doi: 10.5334/sta.as

Chigozie, C. F., & Ituma, O. S. (2015). Nigerian peacekeeping operations revisited. Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies, 4(2), 1-10.

Conciliation Resources. (2012). People’s peace-making perspectives: West Africa. London: The Grayston Centre

Collier, P., & Hoeffler, A. (2004). Greed and grievance in Civil War. Oxford Economic Papers, (56), 563-595.

Crane, T. D. (2013). Challenges of peace building and governance. Oxford: Oxford University Press

Cannon, I. R. (2009). Overview of Peace-making circles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Darfur Australia Network (2008). Peacekeeping operations. Collingwood: Darfur Australia Network

Doornbos, M. (2003). “State Collapse and Fresh Starts: Some Critical Reflections,” In J. Milliken (Ed.). State Failure, Collapse and Reconstruction. Oxford: Blackwell

Doyle, M. W. (2000). International peace building: A theoretical and quantitative analysis. American Political Science Review, 94(4), 779-801.

Enu, D. B. & Ugwu, U. (2011). Human security and sustainable peace building in Nigeria: The Niger-Delta perspective. Journal of Sustainable Development, 4(1), 254-259.

Fitzduff, M. (2005). The Challenge to History: Justice, Co-existence, and Reconciliation Work in Northern Ireland. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books

Ghani, A., & Lockhart, C. (2008). Fixing failed states: A framework for rebuilding a fractured world. Oxford: Oxford University Press

Hänggi, H. (2005). Approaching peacebuilding from security governance perspective. (LIT: Münster Publication

Hansen, A., & Wharta, S. (2007). The transition to a just order – Establishing local Ownership After Conflict, A Policy Report: A Research report. Folke Bernadotte Academy, 23.

Herbst, J. (2004). “Let them fail: State failure in theory and practice” In R. Rotberg (Ed.) When States Fail: Causes and Consequences. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Hendrickson, E. P. (2002). Leadership, followership, self and others. Leadership Quarterly, 3. (1), 43-54.

Howard, R. J. (2012). Local institutions, external interventions and adaptation to climate change in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case Study of Southern Mali. A consultancy report to Oxfam America.

Holsti, K. (1996). The state, war, and the state of war. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Johnston, D. (2003). International peacebuilding and local resistance. United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillian.

Kaldor, M. (2001). New and old wars. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Keating, T. (2004). Building sustainable peace. Canada: United Nations University Press and The University of Alberts Press.

Lemay-Hébert, N., & Toupin, S. (2011). Peacebuilding: A broad review of approaches, policies and practices. Ottawa: Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade.

Licklider, R. (1995). The consequences of negotiated settlements in civil wars, 1945-1993. American Political Science Review, 89(3), 681-690;

Mehler, A., & Ribaux, C. (2000). Crisis prevention and conflict management in technical cooperation: An overview of the national and international debate. Wiesbaden: Universum Verlangsanstalt /Deutsche Gesselschaft für Technische Zussamenarbeit

McCandless, E. (2010). The case of land in Zimbabwe: Cause of conflict, foundation for sustained peace. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.

Mac Ginty, R. (2013). Indicators+: A proposal for everyday peace indicators. Evaluation and Program Planning. 36/1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2012.07.001

Mofasony, G. (2012). The role of Nigeria in promoting preventative diplomacy in Africa: (1999-2008). Journal of International Law, 7(3), 8-23.

Munro, E. (2008). Multidimensional and integrated peace operations: Trends and Challenges. GCSP Geneva Paper 1, 10.

Nicole, M. (2000). Rethinking human security. Cambridge: Harvard University.

Noll, D. (2013). What is Peacemaking? Toronto: Centre for Urban and Community Studies.

Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2005), Strategic Framework, Peacebuilding-A Development Perspective, 2004, 35.

Obiekwe, K. (2009). In search of appropriate peacemaking/peacebuilding paradigm in dealing with Africa’s intrastate violent conflicts: Considering lederach’s faith-based conflict transformation and peacebuilding approach. Journal of Peace, Conflict and Development, (13). Available from www.peacestudiesjournal.org.uk

Oguonu, C. N., & Ezeibe, C. C. (2014). African union and conflict resolution in Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(27), 325-332.

Olayiwola, S., & Okorie, N. (2010). Integrated Education: An Instrument for Resolving Ife-Modakeke conflict in Osun State, Nigeria. Journal of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences, 2, 953-965.

Okoro, E. I. (2014). Conflict assessment and peacebuilding planning in developing countries. Senegal: Dakar Press

Omoleke, I. I., & Olaiya, T. A. (2015). Democratisation process and governance crisis in contemporary Nigeria: A re-examination. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations. 9(4), 131-140.

Pouligny, B. (2005). Civil society and post-conflict peace building: Ambiguities of international programmes aimed at building ‘New’ societies. Security Dialogue, 36(4), 495-510.

Ramsbotham, O., Woodhouse, T., & Maill, H. (2006). Contemporary conflict resolution: The prevention, management and transformation of deadly conflict. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Raeymaekers, T. (2005). Collapse or order: Questioning state collapse in Africa. Conflict Research Group, Working Paper No. 1.

Sanz, E., & Tomlinson, J. (2012). The Peacebuilding story. A Presented at the CPCS Peace Practitioners’ Research Conference.

Smith, D. (2004). Towards a strategic framework for Peacebuilding: Getting their act together: An overview report of the joint Utstein study of Peacebuilding Evaluation Report. Oslo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Thakur, R., & Thaker, C. (1995). A crisis of expectations: UN peacekeeping in the 1990s. Boulder: Westview Press

Udeso, O. S. (2013). Concepts and methods of conflict resolution and Peace-Building: Imperatives for religious leaders in Nigeria. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.

United Nations. (1992). An agenda for peace: Preventive Diplomacy, Peacemaking and Peace-keeping, UN. Doc. A/47/277 and S/24/111, 17 June 1992, para. 46.

United Nations. (2000). Report of the panel on peace operations, UN Document. A/55/305-S/2000/809, 21 August 2000, Section 1.

United Nations. (2005). In larger freedom: Towards development, security and human rights for all, UN Doc A/59/2005, 21 March 2005, para. 114.

United Nations. (2006). Integrated missions planning process (IMPP), 13 June 2006, 2.

United Nations. (2010). Review of the united nations Peacebuilding architecture, UN Doc. A/64/868 and S/2010/393, 21 July 2010.

UNPBSO. (2012). Peacebuilding and The United Nations. New York: United Nations Office

UNDP. (2010). Governance for Sustainable Human Development Policy Paper. Available at: http://magnet.undp.org/policy/chapter1.htm#b

Urvin, P. (2012). The development/peacebuilding nexus: a typology and history of changing paradigms. Journal of Peacebuilding and Development, Accessed on IP address: 129.194.8.73 On: Tue, 21 Feb 2012 22:10:54

Wolfsfeld, C. (2003). Does Peacebuilding Build Peace? Security Dialogue, 30(1), 25-41

Zartman, W. I. (1995). Collapsed states: The disintegration and restoration of legitimate authority. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10843

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Canadian Social Science

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Reminder

  • How to do online submission to another Journal?
  • If you have already registered in Journal A, then how can you submit another article to Journal B? It takes two steps to make it happen:

Submission Guidelines for Canadian Social Science

We are currently accepting submissions via email only. The registration and online submission functions have been disabled.

Please send your manuscripts to css@cscanada.net，or css@cscanada.org for consideration. We look forward to receiving your work.

 Articles published in Canadian Social Science are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY).

 

Canadian Social Science Editorial Office

Address: 1020 Bouvier Street, Suite 400, Quebec City, Quebec, G2K 0K9, Canada.
Telephone: 1-514-558 6138 
Website: Http://www.cscanada.net; Http://www.cscanada.org 
E-mail:caooc@hotmail.com; office@cscanada.net

Copyright © Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture